A critical question in Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) cases is whether the plaintiff gave consent to receive communications from the defendant, and whether that consent had been revoked by the time of the communication. Given the problems with the TCPA in general, you would probably not be surprised to learn that the TCPA does
Reality Wins: Sixth Circuit Affirms Companies Must Send Fax to Be “Sender” under TCPA
To be liable for a junk fax Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) violation, does a company have to actually send a fax? The plain language of the TCPA says yes: “It shall be unlawful for any person… to use any telephone facsimile machine, computer, or other device to send…an unsolicited advertisement[.]” The verbs are
FACTA Cases Continue to Present Ideal Targets for Spokeo Challenges—Eleventh Circuit Defendants Take Particular Notice
We’ve already written about Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins, 136 S. Ct. 1540 (2016), in which the Supreme Court reaffirmed that all federal plaintiffs, even those alleging a statutory violation, must have suffered a real, concrete injury in order to have Article III standing. As we’ve noted in a past blog post, despite